Effective Public Health Program Implementation

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Evaluate the hypothetical program that you created (see attached paper) using the following types of evaluation: formative, process, outcome, and impact. Identify each type of evaluation that you are using and the part of the program to which it applies, program goals, and program accomplishments. Describe successful areas of the program and areas that need improvement. For the areas requiring improvement, present the changes that will be made, the anticipated outcomes, and how those changes would be evaluated.

Write a 15–20-page, double-spaced paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.

Utilize at least 7–10 scholarly sources in your research and be sure to include a references page. Write in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

Support your statements with scholarly references and appropriate examples. Cite all sources using the APA format.

Reference

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Types of evaluation.
           Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/std/Program/
           pupestd/Types%20of%20Evaluation.pdf

Assignment 2 Grading Criteria Maximum Points
Evaluated program using formative, process, outcome, and impact processes.150
Described areas of success and areas that need improvement.95
Provided recommendations, outcomes, and future evaluation methods.95
Presented a structured document free of spelling and grammatical errors.20
Properly cited sources using APA format.20
Used at least seven current and relevant references.20
Total:400

Maintaining and protecting the health of the public

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QUESTIONFEB 28, 2017

comment tammy

 I NEED A POSITIVE COMMENT BESED IN THIS ARGUMENT. PLEASE USE YOUR OWN WORDS TO DO THE COMMENTS. BETWEEN 150-200 WORDS.

We have a large population of uninsured people, growth of personal bankruptcy due to medical costs, increasing health care cost, huge profits for health care corporations, and a growing national debt and deficit.   On the website for Obamacare Facts, it stated that the top executive’s for-profit health insurance companies made nearly $200 million in total compensation for 2009 (Obamacare Facts website, n.d.) .   The government does not regulate the cost of health care, however, personally speaking, I don’t see the government doing much better with their financial responsibilities.   We all know the premiums would continue to rise and that was not sustainable for the average American family.  

The United States placed dead last in the quality of health-care when compared with 10 other western, industrialized nations in 2014.   Not only is it dead last in quality, it is first in spending more per capita ($8,508) on health care than Norway ($5,669), which has the second most expensive system.   This data was collected before the Affordable Care Act went into full effect.   Among its deficiencies, are a relative shortage of primary care physicians; lack of access to primary care, especially for the poor; many low-income residents who skip recommended care, do not get needed tests, or do not fill prescriptions due to cost; high infant mortality; inordinate levels of mortality from conditions that could have been controlled, such as high blood pressure; and lower healthy life expectancy at age 60 (Bernstein, 2014) .

Disparities in health care affect individuals and society.   Some barriers to accessing health care include:   lack of availability, high cost, and lack of insurance coverage.   The over haul of health care came due to the disparities, access to health care is regarded as unreliable; many people do not receive the appropriate care they need.   Increasing the number of people with health insurance is a start, however, the system must also be looked at.

Maintaining and protecting the health of the public is vital, the 3-major driver of health care expenditures are cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.   These have modifiable risks that can influence outcome.   Education is key, reform of the individual would go a long way.   Sustainability of the system as it is now will be in jeopardy due to the older Americans that will become fewer wage-earners paying taxes to fund Medicare.   While medical care can prolong survival, more important for the health of the population are the social and economic conditions that make people ill and in need of medical care in the first place.   Poor social and economic circumstances affect health throughout life.   People further down the social ladder usually run at least twice the risk of serious illness and premature death as those near the top (Kemp, 2012) .     Talk about a complex issue, health care is that issue.

Diagnosis And Management Of Hematologic And Metabolic Disorders

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In clinical settings, pediatric patients often present with hematologic and metabolic disorders such as anemia and diabetes. Many of these disorders are manageable with drug therapy and lifestyle changes, but they can pose serious complications for patients if left untreated. In your role as the advanced practice nurse, you must identify patients at risk of hematologic and metabolic disorders and provide the appropriate education for them and their families. Consider potential treatment, management, and education strategies for the patients in the following case studies.

Case Study 1

You see a 1-week-old Asian infant for a weight check. The infant is back to his birth weight and is breastfeeding for 10 minutes every 2 hours with one 3-hour stretch a day. He is alert, has bowel movements with each feeding, and wets 8–10 diapers a day. His blood type is A+ and his mother’s blood type is A+. Coombs’ testing at birth was negative. You note slight scleral and skin jaundice.

Case Study 2

Jimmy is a 3-year-old “picky” eater according to his mother. He refuses to eat anything but waffles for breakfast and macaroni and cheese or chicken nuggets for lunch and dinner. He will eat apples and bananas but refuses all vegetables except corn. After a normal physical examination, you obtained blood testing that revealed the hemoglobin is 11.4 mg/dl and his hematocrit is 30% (both obtained by venipuncture). The CBC revealed microcytic hypochromic RBCs.

Case Study 3

Melissa is a 13-year-old who presents to your office for a well-child check. Physical examination reveals a thin child who is short of stature. Breast Tanner stage is II and pubic hair development is Tanner I. Neurologic, skin, heart, lung, abdominal, and HEENT examinations are normal.

To prepare:

  • Review “Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” and “Hematologic Disorders” in the Burns et al. text.
  • Review and select one of the three provided case studies. Analyze the patient information.
  • Consider a differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Think about the most likely diagnosis for the patient.
  • Think about a treatment and management plan for the patient. Be sure to consider appropriate dosages for any recommended pharmacologic and/or non-pharmacologic treatments.
  • Consider strategies for educating patients and families on the treatment and management of the hematologic or metabolic disorder.

By Day 3

Post an explanation of the differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Explain which is the most likely diagnosis for the patient and why. Include an explanation of unique characteristics of the disorder you identified as the primary diagnosis. Then, explain a treatment and management plan for the patient, including appropriate dosages for any recommended treatments. Finally, explain strategies for educating patients and families on the treatment and management of the hematologic or metabolic disorder.

What is spiritual care in health care?

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Comment1

I will say that spiritual care is providing the spiritual or religious needs of a patient as he/she is dealing with  an illness, whether it is assisting them with physical or emotional healing.  Being raised a Disciple of Christ, I was taught that the spiritual care we provide others needed to be less reminiscent of a country club and more like a soup kitchen. Providing spiritual care to others doesn’t always occur at a convenient time or place, rather, it’s the Holy Spirit working through us to help others connect to God. “The goal of Christian spirituality is not to merely know ourselves, it is to offer ourselves to God, to empty ourselves to Almighty, so that we may be available to hear God’s call and to respond” (Spirituality, n.d.). When we approach others in a humble and loving manner, like the soup kitchen philosophy, we can nurture more than an individual’s body, but their heart, soul and mind. Professionally, the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO, 1998) clearly stipulates that, “Patients have a fundamental right to considerate care that safeguards their personal beliefs”.

Comment2

Spiritual care is caring for the patient and their family members, holistically. It involves doing a complete assessment of the patient’s cultural and spiritual needs.  We, as
nurses, should understand that a person’s identity and decisions are based on their cultural and spiritual beliefs and an understanding of this allows us to provide appropriate interventions that are sensitive to their needs and desires for a positive outcome.  This outcome may be to help them die peacefully, according to their spiritual beliefs or cope with the unknown process of a disease.   Understanding, respecting and providing spiritual care also helps reduce the patient’s anxiety and stress related to
disease processes and sometimes provides the hope they need to recover or improve their quality of life. Meilaender (2013) contends that spirituality can be as important, if not more important than physical care, which I agree with wholeheartedly.  When I understand my patients spirituality and their needs, I am able to take better care of my patients based on their moral values and ethics and allow them to make decisions based on their interpretation and meaning of life.